Baracsi Áron Lajos

In this paper, we investigate the accounting quality of family firms within the Hungarian domestic SME sector between 2017 and 2022. We use data from direct industry competitors and from leading industry competitors of these firms in separate comparisons. We group these observations by control samples to refine some observations both technically and methodologically. The findings of the research indicate that there are differences in the accounting quality of domestic family SMEs, their direct representative industry competitors, and industry leading enterprises, which can be identified over the business years and business cycles of the research. However, these differences cannot be characterised as statistically significant based on the multivariate regression model measuring accounting quality in the domestic accounting environment, only partially for the sample and control sample 1, which do not show any persistent detectable trends.
XIII. ÉVFOLYAM 2025. SPECIAL ISSUES 3. 57-61
DOI: 10.24387/CI.SI.2025.3.10

This research investigates the relationship between sustainability and accounting quality, as well as the direction of this relationship. The analysis focuses on the decline in accounting quality related to earnings management and performance scores derived from the ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) assessment frameworks. The final sample includes 126 US companies listed on NASDAQ and NYSE stock exchanges, selected after methodological screening. A detailed and methodological analysis of the accounting and sustainability data of these randomly selected companies from 2018 to 2024 shows a negative relationship using correlation and regression analysis between earnings management and ESG performance for all variables analysed, except for 2023. This negative correlation is statistically significant for each year with a significant correlation, and the R² values indicate that the explanatory power of the models is moderate.
XIII. ÉVFOLYAM 2025. SPECIAL ISSUES 3. 2-12
DOI: 10.24387/CI.SI.2025.3.1

The present study aims to examine the impact of ESG ratings on the stock prices of companies within the European Union. The central question the study seeks to answer is twofold: firstly, to what extent the ratings issued by the ESG rating partners (MorningStar Sustainalytics, London Stock Exchange Group, and Morgan Stanley Capital International) are consistent with each other, and secondly, to what extent they influence the stock price of companies. A sample of 50 companies was selected from a simple random sample of the 100 largest market capitalisation companies in the European Union. ESG rating data were obtained from three independent rating partners, while stock prices were retrieved from a publicly available stock exchange database for the period 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2024. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation calculations and scaling transformation were used to explore the relationships between ESG ratings and stock prices.

The result of the analysis demonstrates that there is a weak positive correlation between certain ESG ratings, particularly between Morgan Stanley Capital International’s ratings and those of other rating agencies, which can be considered significant. However, the relationship between ESG ratings and stock price movements is weak negative and not significant. Consequently, a negative correlation suggests that the ratings are in fact progressing in a favourable direction. This indicates that other factors are more significant determinants of individual stock price movements.
XIII. ÉVFOLYAM 2025. SPECIAL ISSUES 1. 2-9
DOI: 10.24387/CI.SI.2025.1.1